Desenvolvimento dental e história da vida em macacos africanos e asiáticos

Dental development and life history in living African and Asian apes

Jay Kelley a,1,2 and Gary T. Schwartz b
- Author Affiliations

aDepartment of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612

bInstitute of Human Origins and School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287

↵1 Present address: Institute of Human Origins, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287

Edited by Alan Walker, Penn State University, University Park, PA, and approved December 02, 2009 (received for review June 4, 2009)

Abstract

Life-history inference is an important aim of paleoprimatology, but life histories cannot be discerned directly from the fossil record. Among extant primates, the timing of many life-history attributes is correlated with the age at emergence of the first permanent molar (M1), which can therefore serve as a means to directly compare the life histories of fossil and extant species. To date, M1 emergence ages exist for only a small fraction of extant primate species and consist primarily of data from captive individuals, which may show accelerated dental eruption compared with free-living individuals. Data on M1 emergence ages in wild great apes exist for only a single chimpanzee individual, with data for gorillas and orangutans being anecdotal. This paucity of information limits our ability to make life-history inferences using the M1 emergence ages of extinct ape and hominin species. Here we report reliable ages at M1 emergence for the orangutan, Pongo pygmaeus (4.6 y), and the gorilla, Gorilla gorilla (3.8 y), obtained from the dental histology of wild-shot individuals in museum collections. These ages and the one reported age at M1 emergence in a free-living chimpanzee of approximately 4.0 y are highly concordant with the comparative life histories of these great apes. They are also consistent with the average age at M1 emergence in relation to the timing of life-history events in modern humans, thus confirming the utility of M1 emergence ages for life-history inference and providing a basis for making reliable life-history inferences for extinct apes and hominins.

dental histology great apes tooth eruption tooth growth

Footnotes

2To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jkelley@uic.edu.
Author contributions: J.K. designed research; G.T.S. performed research; J.K. and G.T.S. analyzed data; and J.K. and G.T.S. wrote the paper.

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

This article is a PNAS Direct Submission.

This article contains supporting information online at www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/0906206107/DCSupplemental.

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