O universo vai ter um fim 'escaldante'...

A LARGER ESTIMATE OF THE ENTROPY OF THE UNIVERSE
CHAS A. EGAN
Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia 1

CHARLES H. LINEWEAVER
Planetary Science Institute, Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics and Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University,
Canberra, Australia

Received 2009, September 22; accepted 2010, January 11.

ABSTRACT

Using recent measurements of the supermassive black hole (SMBH) mass function, we find that SMBHs
are the largest contributor to the entropy of the observable universe, contributing at least an order of magnitude more entropy than previously estimated. The total entropy of the observable universe is correspondingly higher, and is Sobs = 3.1+3.0 -1.7 × 10104k. We calculate the entropy of the current cosmic event horizon to be SCEH = 2.6±0.3×10122k, dwarfing the entropy of its interior, SCEH int = 1.2+1.1 -0.7×10103k. We make the first tentative estimate of the entropy of weakly interacting massive particle dark matter within the observable universe, Sdm = 1088±1k. We highlight several caveats pertaining to these estimates and make recommendations for future work.

Subject headings: black hole physics — cosmology: miscellaneous — diffusion — elementary particles —
gravitation— neutrinos

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