A cultura, em vez dos genes, fornece mais espaço de ação para a evolução da prosocialização humana de grande escala

Culture rather than genes provides greater scope for the evolution of large-scale human prosociality

Adrian V. Bell a,1, Peter J. Richerson b and Richard McElreath c

+ Author Affiliations

aGraduate Group in Ecology,

bDepartment of Environmental Science and Policy, and

cDepartment of Anthropology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616

Edited by Richard E. Nisbett, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, and approved August 31, 2009 (received for review March 25, 2009)

Abstract

Whether competition among large groups played an important role in human social evolution is dependent on how variation, whether cultural or genetic, is maintained between groups. Comparisons between genetic and cultural differentiation between neighboring groups show how natural selection on large groups is more plausible on cultural rather than genetic variation.

altruism cultural FST group selection prosociality

Footnotes

1To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: avbell@ucdavis.edu

Author contributions: A.V.B., P.J.R., and R.M. designed research; A.V.B. performed research; A.V.B. analyzed data; and A.V.B., P.J.R., and R.M. wrote the paper.

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

This article is a PNAS Direct Submission.

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