Ternary structure reveals mechanism of a membrane diacylglycerol kinase
Dianfan Li, Phillip J. Stansfeld, Mark S. P. Sansom, Aaron Keogh, Lutz Vogeley, Nicole Howe, Joseph A. Lyons, David Aragao, Petra Fromme, Raimund Fromme, Shibom Basu, Ingo Grotjohann, Christopher Kupitz, Kimberley Rendek, Uwe Weierstall, Nadia A. Zatsepin, Vadim Cherezov, Wei Liu, Sateesh Bandaru, Niall J. English et al.
Affiliations Contributions Corresponding author
Nature Communications 6, Article number: 10140 doi:10.1038/ncomms10140
Received 25 April 2015 Accepted 09 November 2015 Published 17 December 2015
Figure 1: Overall structure of the DgkA-ACP-lipid ternary complex.
Abstract
Diacylglycerol kinase catalyses the ATP-dependent conversion of diacylglycerol to phosphatidic acid in the plasma membrane of Escherichia coli. The small size of this integral membrane trimer, which has 121 residues per subunit, means that available protein must be used economically to craft three catalytic and substrate-binding sites centred about the membrane/cytosol interface. How nature has accomplished this extraordinary feat is revealed here in a crystal structure of the kinase captured as a ternary complex with bound lipid substrate and an ATP analogue. Residues, identified as essential for activity by mutagenesis, decorate the active site and are rationalized by the ternary structure. The γ-phosphate of the ATP analogue is positioned for direct transfer to the primary hydroxyl of the lipid whose acyl chain is in the membrane. A catalytic mechanism for this unique enzyme is proposed. The active site architecture shows clear evidence of having arisen by convergent evolution.
Subject terms: Biological sciences Biochemistry Biophysics
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