Late Ediacaran trackways produced by bilaterian animals with paired appendages
Zhe Chen1,2,*, Xiang Chen1,3, Chuanming Zhou2,4, Xunlai Yuan1,2,3 and Shuhai Xiao5,*
1State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
2Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
3University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
4CAS Key Laboratory of Economic Stratigraphy and Palaeogeography, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
5Department of Geosciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
↵*Corresponding author. Email: xiao@vt.edu (S.X.); zhechen@nigpas.ac.cn (Z.C.)
Science Advances 06 Jun 2018:
Vol. 4, no. 6, eaao6691
Trackways and burrows excavated in situ from the Shibantan Member.
Abstract
Ediacaran trace fossils provide key paleontological evidence for the evolution of early animals and their behaviors. Thus far, however, this fossil record has been limited to simple surface trails and relatively shallow burrows. We report possible trackways, preserved in association with burrows, from the terminal Ediacaran Shibantan Member (ca. 551 to ca. 541 million years ago) in the Yangtze Gorges area of South China. These trace fossils represent the earliest known trackways. They consist of two rows of imprints arranged in poorly organized series or repeated groups. These trackways may have been produced by bilaterian animals with paired appendages, although the phylum-level phylogenetic affinity of the trace makers remains unknown. It is possible that the trackways and associated burrows were produced by the same trace maker, indicating a complex behavior involving both walking and burrowing. Together, these trackways and burrows mark the arrival of a new era characterized by an increasing geobiological footprint of bilaterian animals.
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