A regulação de genes e as origens da exclusividade biológica humana

terça-feira, fevereiro 23, 2010

Trends in Genetics, Volume 26, Issue 3, 95-99, 25 January 2010

doi:10.1016/j.tig.2009.12.010

Review

Gene regulation and the origins of human biological uniqueness

Samuel J. Sholtis1 and James P. Noonan1, 2,

1 Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA

2 Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA


Abstract

What makes us human? It is likely that changes in gene expression and regulation, in addition to those in protein-coding genes, drove the evolution of uniquely human biological traits. In this review, we discuss how efforts to annotate regulatory functions in the human genome are being combined with maps of human-specific sequence acceleration to identify cis-regulatory elements with human-specific activity. Although the evolutionary interpretation of these events is a subject of considerable debate, the technical and analytical means are now at hand to identify the set of evolutionary genetic events that shaped our species.

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